The Influence Of The American Revolution And The...

Neither the United States Constitution, nor the Declaration of Independence, were written in an ideological vacuum. Rather, the ideas expressed by the various philosophers during the century and leading up to the American Revolution had tremendous influence over the Founders of the United States. These ideas came together in the creation of the U.S. constitution, working in tandem to lay the foundation for the way the government should be structured, as well as the core philosophy behind the country. The Enlightenment, also called the Age of Reason, influenced the rest of the world during the late eighteenth century. There were several revolutions taking place at this time, but the American Revolution was at the forefront of them all. The†¦show more content†¦The Declaration of Independence was far from the only product of Enlightenment philosophers. In addition, the very structure of the United States government was heavily influenced by Jean Jacques Rousseau’s idea of the social contract. In summary, the government has a contract with its people, also known as the general will of the people, in which all voters have a voice in regards to what they think should stay, improve, or be done away with entirely. In his book, The Social Contract, Rousseau also popularized the concept of state governments having control over their affairs from the federal government. Montesquieus concept of a government having three separate branches that each keep the other in check also made its way into the Constitution. The government was to be divided in a way that prevented any one person or group from holding significantly more power over the nation. The first and most prominent amendment of the Constitution is freedom of speech and religion, taken from the Enlightenment philosopher Voltaire, who was most noted for his support of free speech and tolerance. In addition to Americas Founding Fathers, Thomas Paine was another man greatly influenced by Enlightenment ideals, and eagerly published a pamphlet in hopes of spreading support for a revolution. With more than 120,000 copies published by May 1776, Paine’s Common Sense convinced a majority of colonists that independence from BritainShow MoreRelatedInfluence Of Enlightenment On The American Revolution898 Words   |  4 Pages The ideas of the Enlightenment influenced the American Revolution and the formation of the American Government in several different ways. The Enlightenment period initiated several new ideas about freedoms and rights. These ideas were discussed in meetings called salons in France, where they discussed new ideas. There were many influential philosophers from the enlightenment periods, Thomas Hobbes, Montesquieu, Adam Smith, Voltaire, John Locke, and Rousseau. Thomas Hobbes believed that all peopleRead MoreThe Enlightenment Principles Of Rationalism And Uni versal Rights1684 Words   |  7 PagesThe Enlightenment period was a revolutionary time where scientific and rational thought became the chief values of society. Thinkers such as John Locke and Jean-Jacques Rousseau were signposts of this era, inspiring populations locally and abroad. This revolution of ideas led to political and societal upheaval throughout the Western world. This essay will argue that the Enlightenment principles of rationalism and universal rights shaped modern Europe and North America through the rejection of absolutistRead MoreRevolutions: The Road to Independence Essay877 Words   |  4 PagesRevolution is a significant change of control or authority within a governmental setting. Most Revolutions are caused by political, social, and economic disputes. Consequently, the common matter for the American, French, and Latin America revolutions emerged to gain their own independence. In North America, the colonists put emphasis on their independence from Great B ritain and established a new republic. In France, protesters abolished the authority of France and reorganized the French society,Read MoreClassical Liberalism: Two Treatises on Government by John Locke1152 Words   |  5 PagesLiberalism, the Enlightenment, was a political movement that has impacted countries and their policies over many generations. The Enlightenment emphasized the notion that men are inherently good by nature (Bentley). The Enlightenment gave people the idea that a king was not necessary to rule over the people because people are not inherently bad. If anything, the people need someone to guide them but not have absolute rule over them. Revolutions have been based off of Enlightenment ideals because theyRead MoreThe Intellectual Movement of Enlightment828 Words   |  3 PagesThe intellectual movement of Enlightenment was a very intricate movement that was centralized on the concepts of progression, reasoning, and the scientific method. The Enlightenment think ers believed they could implement some of these ideas to create a better influence towards societies and people. These ideas changed how humanity viewed the government, politics, and society. Although each philosopher had their own individual concept, they all centered on the themes of equality and freedom. ThomasRead MoreThe Enlightenment Ideas Of The American Revolution1423 Words   |  6 PagesThe Enlightenment’s ideas in the American Revolution People in America were mad and broke. The colonies did not like the idea of paying high taxes to the King of England. In order to show their rage and anger, they did it by not paying taxes. The King of England was frustrated by the colonist s action and send an army to the Americas to sort this problem out. However, the people of America wanted to be free from England, so with the help of the Enlightenment thinkers and the philosophers, theyRead MoreTo What Extent Was The Enlightenment The Main Driving Force Behind The American And French Revolutions?1479 Words   |  6 Pagesfocuses on the causes of Atlantic Revolutions and will explore the question: To what extent was the Enlightenment the main driving force behind the American and French Revolutions? The years 1685 to 1815 (Strayer, 2011) will be the focus of this investigation to allow for an analysis of the Enlightenment ideas’ impact the need for governmental change in the American colonies and France during the eight eenth century, as well as their governmental influences post-revolutions. †¯ The first source whichRead MoreRadicalism and Revolutions Essay1112 Words   |  5 PagesThroughout history, revolutions have started because of new ideas that change thinking and disrupt what has come to be considered normal. During 1700s, the American, French, and Haitian Revolutions were no exception. The Enlightenment ideas that were spreading around this time lead people of these three nations to question their ruling elites, and to begin considering breaking free. Of these three, though, no one revolt can be seen as more radical when compared to the other two. Each was faced withRead MoreGlobal Echoes Of Atlantic Enlightenment And Revolution921 Words   |  4 PagesGlobal Echoes of Atlantic Enlightenment and Revolution There are many different crucial sources that demonstrate the global influences of Atlantic revolutionary movements and Enlightenment views on human rights. Enlightenment philosophies of government and human rights ignited the revolutionary transformation in all of the Atlantic world. Political leaders on both sides of the Atlantic wanted to incorporate European Enlightenment concepts into their societies. Revolutions began to build on one anotherRead MoreImpact Of Enlightenment On The French Revolution878 Words   |  4 PagesI agree that the Enlightenment was force for positive change in society. The Enlightenment was one was the most important intellectual movements in History, as it dominated and influenced the way people thought in Europe in the late 17th and 18th centuries. We will look at how it ultimately influenced the American and French Revolution which is still strongly governed by these ideas and principles today. The Age of Enlightenment was a European movement emphasizing reasoning and individualism rather

The Juxtaposition of Hamlet Characters - 1658 Words

To completely understand how someone is, the reasoning behind their person, you have to take into account the people around them. In William Shakespeare’s play â€Å"The Tragedy of Hamlet†, Ophelia and Laertes represent different aspects of prince Hamlets traits that further the understanding of his behaviour, thoughts, and over-all character. Laertes and Ophelia, like Hamlet, are children of murdered fathers. This connection helps create a link between the three that sends them passionately to their end. Ophelia has an important relationship and entangling affair with the prince. Hamlets and Ophelia’s actions in time lead the young women into a deep grief, and eventually an even deeper lunacy. Her burning emotions and truly mad mind†¦show more content†¦Hamlets treatment of Ophelia reflects his feelings for women. â€Å"Hamlet views Ophelia as he considers his mother- a passionate voluptuary whose fragrant sexuality is a poisonous and destroying force. The image of poison which †¦ Laertes sees in Hamlet, [Hamlet] sees in †¦ Ophelia.† (Alexander 136). Because Hamlet feels betrayed by the woman he called mother, who married so quickly after his father’s death, he paints all women as pictures of distractive feebleness, stupidity and bawdiness. â€Å"Hamlet therefore sees Ophelia as a threat to his memory, his dedication, to the task of revenge, and to his whole existence† (Alexander 129). Hamlets resentment toward women is also directed at himself. In his only soliloquy before learning of his father’s murder, Hamlet shows what he thinks of his grief and his mother’s actions: â€Å"Frailty, thy name is woman† (I.ii.148). Seeing all women as one entity of frailty would prove Hamlet to be someone who was very narrow minded, but he says: â€Å"†¦I am very proud, revengeful, ambitious; with more offences at my beck than I have thoughts to put them in, imagination to give them shape, or time to act them in. What should such fellows as I do crawling between earth and heaven? We are arrant knaves, all; believe none of us†¦ † [III.i.133-140] Comparing himself to the weakness that he sees in women shows that Hamlet is making â€Å"†¦anShow MoreRelatedComparing The Novel Atonement By Ian Mcewan And The Play Hamlet By William Shakespeare1428 Words   |  6 Pagessimilar and contrasting features of their characters in order to addresses varying issues within the texts. These issues within the text In the novel Atonement by Ian McEwan and the play Hamlet by William Shakespeare, the writers’ use of juxtaposition is used to accomplish a more profound understanding of the internal relationships of the characters and external relationships with the other characters in the texts. Essentially, through the use of juxtaposition, both writers are able to enhance the messageRead MoreStruggle and Disillusionment in Hamlet Essays919 Words   |  4 Pagesthrough his character Hamlet, contributes to the continued engagement of modern audiences. The employment of the soliloquy demonstrates Shakespeare’s approach to the dramatic treatment of these emotions. The soliloquy brings a compensating intimacy, and becomes the means by which Shakespeare brings the audience not only to a knowledge of secret thoughts of characters, but into the closest emotional touch with them too. Through this, the audiences therefore gain a closer relationship with Hamlet, and areRead MoreThe Mere Nature Of The Soliloquy By William Shakespeare961 Words   |  4 Pagesnature of the soliloquy is to enter the thoughts of a specific character It is a simple idea. It would make sense that Shakespeare employs this literary method to reveal something about Hamlet’s own internal struggle in any given soliloquy. Hamlet is an conflicted and self-disparaging individual who often finds himself toiling with his own ideas and movies frequently. But the first soliloquy is used to reveal to the audience that Hamlet is furious at his mother and Claudius, even before he learnsRead MoreHamlet, By William Shakespeare1492 Words    |  6 Pagessee the flaws in their idols. The play Hamlet centers on protagonist Hamlet as he questions whether to take revenge against his uncle for killing his father or leave him alive. Written by William Shakespeare in the early 17th century, Hamlet addresses motifs of indecisiveness, insanity, as well as death and suicide. Furthermore, the majority of these motifs are left up to interpretation. Throughout the play, the family, friends, and acquaintances of Hamlet insist that he has lost his mind drowningRead MoreSuicide Soliloquy in Hamlet Essay1210 Words   |  5 Pages William Shakespeare is a famous English playwright. His play Hamlet centers around Hamlets decision on how to seek revenge for his father’s death. However, Hamlet is unsure of what course of action he wants to take to exact his revenge. He discusses the idea of suicide as a possible option in his â€Å"To be or not to be† soliloquy. In this soliloquy, Shakespeare uses metaphors, rhetorical questi ons, and repetition to express Hamlet’s indecision regarding what he should do. Shakespeare uses metaphorsRead More The Significance of the Players in Hamlet Essay899 Words   |  4 PagesThe Significance of the Players in Hamlet      Ã‚   Most characters in Hamlet present themselves as something other than themselves or how as we, the audience, or another character thinks they should appear.   Two of the main characters in this play, Hamlet and King Claudius, are constantly acting as something other than their true nature.  Ã‚  Ã‚   Ironically, the characters that invoke changes in Hamlet and King Claudius to reveal their real personalities are the players, merely actors themselves, notRead MoreThe Foils in Hamlet Essay871 Words   |  4 PagesFoils in Hamletnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; nbsp; A foil is a minor character that helps the audience better understand a major character. A foil may exist as a comparison character, with similarities between the two, as well as differences that bring to light an important contrast between the foil and the main character. A foil may also just be someone for the main character to talk to, so we can know and understand their thoughts and feelings. Foils help us understandRead MoreA Treatise Of Human Nature1562 Words   |  7 Pagesthat morality is a character trait approved independently of social conventions. He goes on to conclude that morals cannot be derived from reason when reason is inert, and can neither prevent nor produce action or affection. Hamlet (1602), Frankenstein (1823) and The Picture of Dorian Gray (1891) are all consumed by the innate passion that Hume defines as ‘morality’, yet pivot around the social conventions of their respective eras, broadly identified as ‘reason’. While Hamlet is em bodied by his tendencyRead MoreThe Ear and Eye Motif in Hamlet by William Shakespeare796 Words   |  4 Pagesis the problem characters in Hamlet run into when trying reason out the issues they have. The ear and eye motif in Hamlet by William Shakespeare make up a prominent part in the play. Hamlet suggests that the information received by the ear or eye alone can lead to unwanted outcomes (Anderson). The simultaneous use of the ear and the eye must exist for the success of reason because alone they dont provide sufficient information for Hamlet, Gertrude and the people of Denmark. Hamlet encounters severalRead MoreBeowulf : The Comparison Of Hamlet And Grendels Mother1221 Words   |  5 PagesHamlet and Beowulf : The Comparison of Hamlet and Grendel’s Mother After the immoral loss of a beloved family member, friend, or leader, one’s ideas on how to overcome the situation may be questionable. Dealing with the death of a loved one can leave an enormous toll on the well-being and psychological state of a person. In some cases, it may direct them towards taking the path of extreme measures in order to restore their mental balance. In the literary works Hamlet by William Shakespeare and Beowulf

Essay on Adaptive leadership - 543 Words

Adaptive leadership is becoming widespread in the United States Army amongst junior officers in leadership positions that require quick thinking and innovation. Leonard Wong discusses how the versatile and unpredictable enemy and situations in Iraq produces adaptable junior officers. These officers are learning to make decisions under chaotic conditions and are becoming more mentally agile. The Army is changing. The Army is transforming its capabilities in the war in Iraq to be effective and successful. General Schoomaker states that we will not accomplish our goals as a nation in the 21st century unless our Army becomes much more agile but with the capacity for long term, sustained level of conflict. The Army is in the process of†¦show more content†¦nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Another aspect that Leonard Wong touched on was that because our country is in war this is the reason why so much adaptive leadership is being produced. The war in Iraq is very complex and therefore req uires leaders to step out of the box and make decisions on the fly. While in garrison leaders are in a sense hindered due to complex issues such as personnel, logistics, or training exercises. All these things are very necessary and help prepare the U.S. Army for situations they find themselves in over in Iraq. However, just like basketball or any other sport some might say â€Å"practice makes perfect† but it is argued that true experience comes during game time. When situations are not simulated and it requires you to think on the fly and adjust to any imperfections you might find in your team. This is the same case for post war Iraq. We are putting leaders in leadership positions and developing the skills they have been taught and trained on constantly day after day in garrison. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The concept that is stressed in the Army from day to day is â€Å"Attention to detail.† The margin for error is so small that, one second too soon or one second too late, could cost someone their life. All leaders in the Army have this imprinted in their minds and hearts. They are required to carry out various tasks from day to day, some of which they are not sufficiently trained on, but they make due with what theyShow MoreRelatedThe Implementation Of Adaptive Leadership Essay1129 Words   |  5 Pages Act Politically (4), Orchestrate Conflict (5) and Build an Adaptive Culture (6). MAKE INTERPRETATIONS In Chapter Eight the authors confer that there are several precepts that every organization and its leadership must adhere to and practice in order to effectively move their organization forward towards improvement and optimal success. Likewise, organizations and their leadership must always consider the implementation of adaptive techniques and problems solving skills with the understandingRead MoreThe Practice Of Adaptive Leadership1195 Words   |  5 Pages The purpose of this paper is to provide a summary of part three of Heifetz book the Practice of Adaptive Leadership. Parts one and two primarily focused on the theory behind the concept of adaptive leadership and diagnosing the system. Whereas, part three focuses on mobilizing the system. Mobilizing the system is a critical and necessary factor in managing adaptive change. Adaptive change is all about mobilizing individuals within the organization to greater success. However, it is not alwaysRead MoreAdaptive Leadership E ssay2089 Words   |  9 Pagesscholars the opportunity to dissect how leadership is developed in the military. People can look to the military for guidance on effective leadership because officers â€Å"†¦ are trained for high-stakes positions at a young age and are sometimes thrown into those roles with no warming.† (The Different Ways Military Experience Prepares Managers for Leadership, p. 82) According to Professor Michael Useem author of â€Å"Four Lessons in Adaptive Leadership,† leadership development is best derived from the militaryRead MoreThe Importance Of Adaptive Leadership Essay1951 Words   |  8 PagesThe Importance of Adaptive Leadership According to Apenko and Chernobaeva many businesses and their processing work in setting with a high level of indecision and ambiguity without any underlying connections between the varying departs and units they encompass. In most cases, succeed leader who has exceptional adaptive leadership skills tend to succeed more in fast changing organizations (Apenko Chernobaeva, 2016). At the heart of this leadership, skill is the ability to grow not only adapt andRead MoreThe Importance Of Developing Personal Adaptive Leadership Practices Essay1264 Words   |  6 PagesThis Chapter is more specific about the importance of developing personal adaptive leadership practices. Learning to understand your internal and external personality and leadership traits will go a long way in terms of foster creativity, boldness and a clearer understanding of the insides and out of your own system. SEE YOURSELF AS THE SYSTEM In Chapter 13, the authors confer that the in order to understand the leadership traits you possess you have to see yourself as the system, you have to learnRead MoreAdaptive Leadership : Adaptive Effective Leadership1674 Words   |  7 PagesPaper 1: Adaptive Leadership 1. Describe what adaptive leadership is. Adaptive leadership is a kind of leadership which motivates a person or an organization to tackles the difficult situation. Change is considered to be the only constant thing in life. But change also comes with unwanted and unseen situation which compels the people to resist. Adaptive leadership is all about encouraging and inspiring an individual or an organization for its survival in the challenging situation of the future. ItRead MoreAdaptive And Systems Leadership : The Health And Social Care Sector1592 Words   |  7 PagesADAPTIVE AND SYSTEMS LEADERSHIP In the health and social care sector, we are operating in increasingly complex systems, especially in the context of the ever-growing pressures on the NHS, the changes in UK demography and the increasingly close alignment with local government and voluntary sectors. The environment is characterized Volatility, Uncertainty, Complexity and Ambiguity (VUCA) (Welbourn, 2015). A complex system is one in which even knowing everything there is to know about the system isRead MoreAdaptive Leadership1550 Words   |  6 PagesAdaptive Leadership Victor Kiam of Remington Electric shavers is identified as an adaptive leader. Adaptive Leadership in an organization is a practical leadership framework that helps organizations and the management to adapt and succeed in environments that are challenging. It is the gradual and meaningful process through which an individual and the collective organization body adapt to the changes and the challenges. It helps in the diagnosis of the essential and the disposable and hence bringingRead MoreCharacteristics Of Adaptive Leadership1765 Words   |  8 PagesThe first leadership theory/model is Adaptive Leadership. Adaptive Leadership is follower centered and is focused on how leaders help others to adapt to challenges they face. â€Å"Adaptive leaders engage in activities that mobilize, motivate, organize, orient, and focus the attention of others† (Northouse, 2016, p. 257). â€Å"Adaptive leadership incorporates ideas from four different viewpoints: the systems, biological, servic e orientation, and psychotherapy perspectives† (Northouse, 2016, p. 259). ThereRead MoreLeadership Of Elephants : The Adaptive Value Of Age1595 Words   |  7 Pagesinfluences, and that function also contributes to the degree in which the group is dependent on these old ladies . One of the most direct way that this influence can be recognized is in the ability to survive from dangerous predators. In â€Å" Leadership in elephants: the adaptive value of age† and â€Å"Matriarchs As Repositories of Social Knowledge in African Elephants†, conducted by Karen McComb and two different teams, an experiment is carried out, in which the different elephant families are given playbacks of

Independence Day Free Essays

If we are to ask American citizens, â€Å"What is the most terrible crime of all? † would we be surprised if most of them immediately relate to the 9/11 tragedy and choose terrorism as the answer? Of course not. A different answer, however, might be given to us if we asked them several years ago, before the disaster happened. It is human nature, to underestimate the proportion of an issue, until they have experienced it, first hand. We will write a custom essay sample on Independence Day or any similar topic only for you Order Now But the Americans have now experienced the bitterness of terrorism, they have lost husbands, wives, parents and siblings during the shocking tragedy, and certainly they have taken lessons from it as well. For decades, United States has been the most powerful nation on the surface of the earth. Is it logical to figure that an attack on this country was made without months, or even years of preparation? The attackers must have reliable information about the country’s defense before they start planning, where have they retrieved them? Should not these kinds of information be classified? These are necessary questions, and they will lead us to anticipate the next threat of terrorist actions. Information leaks about sensitive defense system are certainly important factors that made the 9/11 attack possible. Other leaks of information might cause another threats to America in the future. Here is where American Counterintelligence takes a vital role. American Counterintelligence has found that leaks of information have often happened in the United States governmental and intelligence environments. It turned out; the history of Americans sold out their country goes back a very long way. II. Is Espionage Treason? In its nature to jeopardize the life of hundreds or even thousands citizens, espionage should be consider an act of treason. But different of opinions still exist regarding actions that is classified as treason. Is espionage valued as low as defecting or a conspiracy against one’s country? A little trip in history will give us the solution. The crime treason has first found itself inside a constitutional foundation in 1350. It was a part of the Statute of Edward. Among the seven categories found in the statute of Edward, the words â€Å"adhering to enemies† and giving them â€Å"aid and comfort† has been classified as an act of treason. These words had also appeared in the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia, on the year 1787. In its formulated Article III, section 3, the Constitutional Convention mentioned that treason consists of levying a war against the country, adhering to their enemies, and giving to them aid and comfort. After the Second World War, A review of eight convictions of treason has made the Supreme Court established four elements of treason, and providing â€Å"aid and comfort† to the enemy is still one of them (â€Å"Why Not Call It Treason? †) So it is obvious that espionage has and still considered as treason by US constitution, ancient and modern. Therefore, for the sake of many, sentences for espionage should not be made light. III. America’s First Counterintelligence Chief It was John Jay who’s first coordinated a national level of counterintelligence efforts. His job was leading a legislative committee to investigate a plot to sabotage defense and infrastructure targets in New York. In his investigations, Jay employ at least 10 agents, a few of the famous ones are Nathaniel Sackett, Elijah Hunter and Enoch Crosby. All of his agents were operating under enormous pressure. Some were undercover; being unmasked meant death to all of them (Rose P. K. ,1999). Enoch Crosby, is the best secret agent that John Jay have. He uses various names and identity to retrieve information about the pro-British’s activities. After he get â€Å"to famous† for his work in one place, he was assign to another area, joining another pro-British Colony (Rose, 1999). IV. Cases of Modern Espionage Although cases of treason by espionage are abundant since the Independence Day, we will elaborate new ones, in order to recognize an up to date espionage practices. Aldrich Ames’s treason was one of the most popular counterintelligence cases. How could it not be? Ames was the director of CIA Counterintelligence at the time. He was recruited by the Russian and has been supplying staggering amount of information for 10 years. A great number of US agents working undercover in Russia were arrested and killed because of Ames. Ames’s capture in 1994 didn’t come easy, especially after James J, Angleton (his predecessor) was falsely accused by his rivals as a Russian spy also (Hermon). Soon after Ames started to work for the Russian in 1983, suspicion about a spy in American Counterintelligence emerged. But in 1985, when John Pollard, a Jewish agent was arrested with spying for Israel, Aldrich Ames took the opportunity and put the blame to Pollard. In 1987, Pollard was sentenced to life in prison in 1987. His other successful attempt to turn away the spotlight was by sacrificing another â€Å"more expendable† Russian Spy in the CIA. His name is Edward Lee Howard. But by the help of Ames, Howard managed to flee to Moscow which granted him Political Asylum. Finally, by the testimony of Raffi Eitan, Director of the Office of Scientific Liaison that activated Pollard, Aldrich Ames was uncovered as one of the highest ranking Russian Spy in US Intelligence Agency (Carmel, 1994). But this is already 8 years longer than it supposed to be. Robert Philip Hanssen, age 56, was a veteran counterintelligence agent who was captured selling highly classified national security information to Russia and the former Soviet Union. He was with his colleague â€Å"defending the country† while secretly stabbed them from the back also. He sold up to 6. 000 pages of valuable documentary material in over than 20 separate occasions. In one occasion, FBI agents found that he trade the information with diamonds and more than $ 600. 000 US. Along with the sold documents, Hanssen had compromised FBI counterintelligence investigative techniques, methods and operations. Hanssen has been charged with espionage and conspiracy to commit espionage which are violations with a possible sentence of life in prison or the death penalty (US Department of Justice, 2001). Katrina Leung, a businesswoman and a fundraiser for the Republicans, has successfully compromised 20 years of intelligence work on the People’s Republic of China. Katrina poses as an informant, paid by the Bureau to give information about Chinese Intelligence Operations in America. But at the same time, she was also seducing two senior FBI agents for information. That information regarding the American intelligence was then delivered to Beijing, ruin two decades of counterintelligence work (Marshall, 2003). V. Mistakes and Suggestions One of the factors making it hard for the FBI agents to perform their duty is the organization’s structure. The bureau is apparently assigned on 2 similar missions which required the opposite skills and quality. The first mission is law enforcement and the second is Intelligence work. Although the two missions are similar, but sharing information, which is a necessity in law enforcement activities, would be disastrous for intelligence work. The double mission structure is making the work complicated and even impossible for FBI agents. Furthermore, the effort to change the structure is made difficult by the decision â€Å"not to change† of the newly arise Republicans (Marshall, 2003) The culture of working alone or in a small team has not make situations any easier. Once an agent is recruited, he/she is referred to as â€Å"special agents† and considered a part of a certain powerful group. This group is unlikely to have suspicion against its fellow agents unless there is no one else to be suspected. This is an obvious mistake. An intelligence agency is an organization working on the basis of suspicion. None should be consider above suspicion, even ones with seniority. The cases of Aldrich Ames and Robert Philip Hanssen should teach the FBI a very important lesson. In the world of intelligence, it is rather difficult to keep guard on every single possibility of breach. One intelligence agency will always do their best to penetrate all the others. If we are an American agent, working undercover in Russia for instance, we will always worry about a mole in American Agency, exposing our identity to the Russians, and vice versa. So how will we ensure the safety of our agents? , or how would we make easy to discover a mole inside our agency? One way to do it is, by what is called â€Å"compartementation† â€Å"Compartementation† is a design or organization, where individuals are sealed apart from others as humanly possible and information is shared only on a need to know basis. Although the design will make information sharing a little difficult, without it, a mole in the crowd could operate long enough to cause immense destruction before getting caught. A very good example of this is the Aldrich Ames case that we have elaborated before (Marshall, 2003). VI. Conclusion Since the Independence Day, intelligence has always been a mandatory but dangerous work. But due to its role keeping sensitive and classified information regarding a nation’s system of defense, being a dangerous job, is not all that surprising. As an attack on a country has always started with their leak of information, counterintelligence is nothing to be taken lightly. Severe punishment over traitors must also be made to set an example for others, in order not to have it repeated. Experience has shown us that the US counterintelligence activities have not been maximized. Possible reformation to increase the efficiency of the organization hasn’t been conducted yet. Meanwhile, double agents have reached as far as the highest level of American Counterintelligence Organization, and have been compromising national security for years before being captured. It is imperative for the organizations to really work on the basis of suspicion, to increase compartementation for a more trustworthy system of investigation. Hopefully, tragedy of counterintelligence such as Ames’s and Hanssen’s would never again be repeated for the sake of the country. Bibliography Carmel, Chezi. 1994. â€Å"The Conspiracy Against Pollard†. Maariv Weekend Supplement (on-line). Available from http://www. jonathanpollard. org/1994/031894. htm Accessed March 29 2005 Freeh, Louis J. 2001. US Department of Justice (on-line). Available from http://www. fbi. gov/pressrel/pressrel01/hanssen. htm Accessed March 29 2005 Hermon, Haim. â€Å"Free Jonathan Pollard†. Available from http://hhermon. tripod. com/jpollard/ Accessed March 29 2005 Marshall, Joshua Micah. 2003. â€Å"Counterintelligent†. Washington Monthly (on-line). Available from http://www. washingtonmonthly. com/features/2003/0307. marshall. html Accessed March 29 2005 Rose, P. K. 1999. â€Å"The Founding Fathers of American Intelligence†. Central Intelligence Agency. (on-line) Available from http://www. odci. gov/csi/books/940299/art-1. html . Accessed March 29 2005 â€Å"Why Not Call It Treason? ; from Korea to Afghanistan†. Available from http://www. henrymarkholzer. com/articles_why_not_treason. shtml Accessed March 29 2005 How to cite Independence Day, Papers Independence day Free Essays Good Morning Philippines, Respected teachers and my dear friends. I wish you a happy independence Day. INDEPENDENCE DAY means a day when we had got freedom from not only brute rulers but freedom from what from fulfillment of right needs†¦ Today on June 12,2014 Philippines is celebrating Its 16th Independence day and we are proud to say that we earned our freedom 116 year back, which was by an act passed by the American parliament and we were the first to get our Independence through the act which Is a mark of respect. We will write a custom essay sample on Independence day or any similar topic only for you Order Now Independence Day Is the day to commemorate all the works of certain people or Individuals who contributed much for the liberty of their country. More that celebrating the freedom of the country from slavery, dictatorship and tyrant rule, It Is also the day to acknowledge all the sufferings and hardships of these people we called heroes. We recognize their bravery and thank them for all the things they contributed for the freedom of their entry and countrymen. But let me remind you all that willing Independent was the end of our struggle, it was Just the beginning of our greatest challenge and that was to make us prosperous. As a Filipino citizen , we are proud of its golden past. We had one of the oldest and richest civilization of the world. Today we not only need to be proud of our glorious past but also work to make our present and future better than our past . We need to make our self so capable that we can praise its present ND this can be only done, when we work hard for it. And we can only work hard, if we have a feeling of patriotism nationalism in our heart. Patriotism is a very deep and meaningful word, and its meaning changes according to the demand of time. During pre Independence time, Patriotism meant to get out of our houses and fight against foreign rule, whereas today a true patriot is that person who gives best of his services in the development, progress and fulfillment of his nation as the best human resource. How to cite Independence day, Papers

Independence Day Free Essays

If we are to ask American citizens, â€Å"What is the most terrible crime of all? † would we be surprised if most of them immediately relate to the 9/11 tragedy and choose terrorism as the answer? Of course not. A different answer, however, might be given to us if we asked them several years ago, before the disaster happened. It is human nature, to underestimate the proportion of an issue, until they have experienced it, first hand. We will write a custom essay sample on Independence Day or any similar topic only for you Order Now But the Americans have now experienced the bitterness of terrorism, they have lost husbands, wives, parents and siblings during the shocking tragedy, and certainly they have taken lessons from it as well. For decades, United States has been the most powerful nation on the surface of the earth. Is it logical to figure that an attack on this country was made without months, or even years of preparation? The attackers must have reliable information about the country’s defense before they start planning, where have they retrieved them? Should not these kinds of information be classified? These are necessary questions, and they will lead us to anticipate the next threat of terrorist actions. Information leaks about sensitive defense system are certainly important factors that made the 9/11 attack possible. Other leaks of information might cause another threats to America in the future. Here is where American Counterintelligence takes a vital role. American Counterintelligence has found that leaks of information have often happened in the United States governmental and intelligence environments. It turned out; the history of Americans sold out their country goes back a very long way. II. Is Espionage Treason? In its nature to jeopardize the life of hundreds or even thousands citizens, espionage should be consider an act of treason. But different of opinions still exist regarding actions that is classified as treason. Is espionage valued as low as defecting or a conspiracy against one’s country? A little trip in history will give us the solution. The crime treason has first found itself inside a constitutional foundation in 1350. It was a part of the Statute of Edward. Among the seven categories found in the statute of Edward, the words â€Å"adhering to enemies† and giving them â€Å"aid and comfort† has been classified as an act of treason. These words had also appeared in the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia, on the year 1787. In its formulated Article III, section 3, the Constitutional Convention mentioned that treason consists of levying a war against the country, adhering to their enemies, and giving to them aid and comfort. After the Second World War, A review of eight convictions of treason has made the Supreme Court established four elements of treason, and providing â€Å"aid and comfort† to the enemy is still one of them (â€Å"Why Not Call It Treason? †) So it is obvious that espionage has and still considered as treason by US constitution, ancient and modern. Therefore, for the sake of many, sentences for espionage should not be made light. III. America’s First Counterintelligence Chief It was John Jay who’s first coordinated a national level of counterintelligence efforts. His job was leading a legislative committee to investigate a plot to sabotage defense and infrastructure targets in New York. In his investigations, Jay employ at least 10 agents, a few of the famous ones are Nathaniel Sackett, Elijah Hunter and Enoch Crosby. All of his agents were operating under enormous pressure. Some were undercover; being unmasked meant death to all of them (Rose P. K. ,1999). Enoch Crosby, is the best secret agent that John Jay have. He uses various names and identity to retrieve information about the pro-British’s activities. After he get â€Å"to famous† for his work in one place, he was assign to another area, joining another pro-British Colony (Rose, 1999). IV. Cases of Modern Espionage Although cases of treason by espionage are abundant since the Independence Day, we will elaborate new ones, in order to recognize an up to date espionage practices. Aldrich Ames’s treason was one of the most popular counterintelligence cases. How could it not be? Ames was the director of CIA Counterintelligence at the time. He was recruited by the Russian and has been supplying staggering amount of information for 10 years. A great number of US agents working undercover in Russia were arrested and killed because of Ames. Ames’s capture in 1994 didn’t come easy, especially after James J, Angleton (his predecessor) was falsely accused by his rivals as a Russian spy also (Hermon). Soon after Ames started to work for the Russian in 1983, suspicion about a spy in American Counterintelligence emerged. But in 1985, when John Pollard, a Jewish agent was arrested with spying for Israel, Aldrich Ames took the opportunity and put the blame to Pollard. In 1987, Pollard was sentenced to life in prison in 1987. His other successful attempt to turn away the spotlight was by sacrificing another â€Å"more expendable† Russian Spy in the CIA. His name is Edward Lee Howard. But by the help of Ames, Howard managed to flee to Moscow which granted him Political Asylum. Finally, by the testimony of Raffi Eitan, Director of the Office of Scientific Liaison that activated Pollard, Aldrich Ames was uncovered as one of the highest ranking Russian Spy in US Intelligence Agency (Carmel, 1994). But this is already 8 years longer than it supposed to be. Robert Philip Hanssen, age 56, was a veteran counterintelligence agent who was captured selling highly classified national security information to Russia and the former Soviet Union. He was with his colleague â€Å"defending the country† while secretly stabbed them from the back also. He sold up to 6. 000 pages of valuable documentary material in over than 20 separate occasions. In one occasion, FBI agents found that he trade the information with diamonds and more than $ 600. 000 US. Along with the sold documents, Hanssen had compromised FBI counterintelligence investigative techniques, methods and operations. Hanssen has been charged with espionage and conspiracy to commit espionage which are violations with a possible sentence of life in prison or the death penalty (US Department of Justice, 2001). Katrina Leung, a businesswoman and a fundraiser for the Republicans, has successfully compromised 20 years of intelligence work on the People’s Republic of China. Katrina poses as an informant, paid by the Bureau to give information about Chinese Intelligence Operations in America. But at the same time, she was also seducing two senior FBI agents for information. That information regarding the American intelligence was then delivered to Beijing, ruin two decades of counterintelligence work (Marshall, 2003). V. Mistakes and Suggestions One of the factors making it hard for the FBI agents to perform their duty is the organization’s structure. The bureau is apparently assigned on 2 similar missions which required the opposite skills and quality. The first mission is law enforcement and the second is Intelligence work. Although the two missions are similar, but sharing information, which is a necessity in law enforcement activities, would be disastrous for intelligence work. The double mission structure is making the work complicated and even impossible for FBI agents. Furthermore, the effort to change the structure is made difficult by the decision â€Å"not to change† of the newly arise Republicans (Marshall, 2003) The culture of working alone or in a small team has not make situations any easier. Once an agent is recruited, he/she is referred to as â€Å"special agents† and considered a part of a certain powerful group. This group is unlikely to have suspicion against its fellow agents unless there is no one else to be suspected. This is an obvious mistake. An intelligence agency is an organization working on the basis of suspicion. None should be consider above suspicion, even ones with seniority. The cases of Aldrich Ames and Robert Philip Hanssen should teach the FBI a very important lesson. In the world of intelligence, it is rather difficult to keep guard on every single possibility of breach. One intelligence agency will always do their best to penetrate all the others. If we are an American agent, working undercover in Russia for instance, we will always worry about a mole in American Agency, exposing our identity to the Russians, and vice versa. So how will we ensure the safety of our agents? , or how would we make easy to discover a mole inside our agency? One way to do it is, by what is called â€Å"compartementation† â€Å"Compartementation† is a design or organization, where individuals are sealed apart from others as humanly possible and information is shared only on a need to know basis. Although the design will make information sharing a little difficult, without it, a mole in the crowd could operate long enough to cause immense destruction before getting caught. A very good example of this is the Aldrich Ames case that we have elaborated before (Marshall, 2003). VI. Conclusion Since the Independence Day, intelligence has always been a mandatory but dangerous work. But due to its role keeping sensitive and classified information regarding a nation’s system of defense, being a dangerous job, is not all that surprising. As an attack on a country has always started with their leak of information, counterintelligence is nothing to be taken lightly. Severe punishment over traitors must also be made to set an example for others, in order not to have it repeated. Experience has shown us that the US counterintelligence activities have not been maximized. Possible reformation to increase the efficiency of the organization hasn’t been conducted yet. Meanwhile, double agents have reached as far as the highest level of American Counterintelligence Organization, and have been compromising national security for years before being captured. It is imperative for the organizations to really work on the basis of suspicion, to increase compartementation for a more trustworthy system of investigation. Hopefully, tragedy of counterintelligence such as Ames’s and Hanssen’s would never again be repeated for the sake of the country. Bibliography Carmel, Chezi. 1994. â€Å"The Conspiracy Against Pollard†. Maariv Weekend Supplement (on-line). Available from http://www. jonathanpollard. org/1994/031894. htm Accessed March 29 2005 Freeh, Louis J. 2001. US Department of Justice (on-line). Available from http://www. fbi. gov/pressrel/pressrel01/hanssen. htm Accessed March 29 2005 Hermon, Haim. â€Å"Free Jonathan Pollard†. Available from http://hhermon. tripod. com/jpollard/ Accessed March 29 2005 Marshall, Joshua Micah. 2003. â€Å"Counterintelligent†. Washington Monthly (on-line). Available from http://www. washingtonmonthly. com/features/2003/0307. marshall. html Accessed March 29 2005 Rose, P. K. 1999. â€Å"The Founding Fathers of American Intelligence†. Central Intelligence Agency. (on-line) Available from http://www. odci. gov/csi/books/940299/art-1. html . Accessed March 29 2005 â€Å"Why Not Call It Treason? ; from Korea to Afghanistan†. Available from http://www. henrymarkholzer. com/articles_why_not_treason. shtml Accessed March 29 2005 How to cite Independence Day, Papers Independence day Free Essays Good Morning Philippines, Respected teachers and my dear friends. I wish you a happy independence Day. INDEPENDENCE DAY means a day when we had got freedom from not only brute rulers but freedom from what from fulfillment of right needs†¦ Today on June 12,2014 Philippines is celebrating Its 16th Independence day and we are proud to say that we earned our freedom 116 year back, which was by an act passed by the American parliament and we were the first to get our Independence through the act which Is a mark of respect. We will write a custom essay sample on Independence day or any similar topic only for you Order Now Independence Day Is the day to commemorate all the works of certain people or Individuals who contributed much for the liberty of their country. More that celebrating the freedom of the country from slavery, dictatorship and tyrant rule, It Is also the day to acknowledge all the sufferings and hardships of these people we called heroes. We recognize their bravery and thank them for all the things they contributed for the freedom of their entry and countrymen. But let me remind you all that willing Independent was the end of our struggle, it was Just the beginning of our greatest challenge and that was to make us prosperous. As a Filipino citizen , we are proud of its golden past. We had one of the oldest and richest civilization of the world. Today we not only need to be proud of our glorious past but also work to make our present and future better than our past . We need to make our self so capable that we can praise its present ND this can be only done, when we work hard for it. And we can only work hard, if we have a feeling of patriotism nationalism in our heart. Patriotism is a very deep and meaningful word, and its meaning changes according to the demand of time. During pre Independence time, Patriotism meant to get out of our houses and fight against foreign rule, whereas today a true patriot is that person who gives best of his services in the development, progress and fulfillment of his nation as the best human resource. How to cite Independence day, Papers

Review of risks in Emergency Hospital- Free Answers to Students

Question: Write about theMonitoring and Review of Risks in Emergency Hospital. Answer: Introduction The world we live today has been characterized in the past by uncertain occurrences which necessitate an immediate response from stakeholders involved. Such occurrences bring about some risks to hospital settings as well as the community and society involved. It has therefore led to the establishment of emergency monitoring and review management initiatives as well as emergency risk reposes in the hospital. It is hence aimed at developing mechanisms and programs which will prevent, control and solve emergency risks in hospitals. Behera and Hassan (2017) describes emergency monitoring and review of risks in emergency hospital as the management as a process which in cooperates a wide range of measures by which the emergency management team develops to help in managing risks occurrences and their effects to the emergency hospital setting. Such measures are then implemented across the globe by various organs such as local governments in every society. Emergency risk management, on the other hand, has been defined by Klakegg (2016) as a process of dealing with risks to the community as a result of emergency events. It has been argued that the emergency risk management involves a systematic method of identifying the potentiality of risks in near future, analyzing, evaluating the factors contributing to their occurrence as well as treating or managing the emergency risks. The study in this report seeks to give a brief understanding and insights to the scope of emergency monitoring and review of risks in emergency hospitals. The paper clarifies on what emergency risk management is, the participants in the emergency risk management process, the importance, and challenges of emergency risk management as well as how the process is managed and planned. As described from the above definitions of both emergency monitoring and review of and emergency cases in the clinical settings, we get to understand that the whole process of risk management will involve the commitment and participation of not only the management team but also the whole community of stakeholders involved. The local government plays a very significant role in the whole process of emergency monitoring and review of risks through education initiatives to the members of the community and through the established regulations and legislations as argued by Renn, (2010). The main issues or matters addressed in emergency management include issues relating to the state and local government legislation, emergency response, land use, urban development, community development and recovery in event of occurrence or risk events. Emergency monitoring and review panel as part of emergency risk management seeks to address the potential occurrences of major emergency situations which re quire an immediate approach by the whole society and government. Such occurrences may include floods, cyclones, terrorist activities and biohazard chemicals or materials among others. The main aim is to strengthen the hospital employees in a bid to make them more safe, sustainable and resilient as well as helping a hospital to avoid emergencies or minimize their chances of occurrence and develop means of helping them recover from their effects as analyzed in the findings of Chih-Ching and Chung-Liang (2016). Emergency monitoring and review of risks help in responding to emergency risks as seen from the prior definition according to Patton et al. (2015). The response strategies include the measures and mechanisms developed in pursuit of prevention and preparedness as well as in the provision of response and recovery mechanisms should an emergency event occur. The hospital management is this case its usually the first level for communities in emergencies. The emergency monitoring and review of risks improve the outcomes of emergency events through establishing a decision making process in regard to the event, focusing on the opportunities aimed at reducing or managing the risks rather than the response to the emergencies as well as by engaging a wide range of expertise in risk control and management and the community at large. The process also improves the outcomes of the events by promoting partnerships and enhancement of relationships with other stakeholders as they foster resource shari ng and mutual aid arrangement with them. They also facilitate in improving the outcomes by providing auditable and credible means of reducing risks. Risk management is a complex process and therefore it involves the participation of a wide range of individuals who are referred to as the stakeholders in the process. Ekker (2016) provides that the people to participate in the process may include; the community representatives, the emergency services personnel, the local government officers and officials and other representatives who can work together and provide a viable solution to the problems. A broad cross section of stakeholders should be represented in the process as this will reduce the biases in group opinions as well as achieving a holistic view of the whole process. The process of risk management as seen from above involves management mechanisms and initiatives designed to achieve an appropriate balance between realizing opportunities for gains and minimizing the losses. It is, therefore, forms an integral part of good management practices as well as a good element of corporate governance as analyzed by Hansen and Alderman, (1999). Emergency monitoring and review of risks in the emergency hospital setting has a number of advantages or benefits to the employees and the patients facing an emergency risk as it provides opportunities for; clinical commitment to risk management and a build a culture of risk management and not risk response as well as focusing on the risk rather than the response. It also provides an opportunity for improved understanding of risks and the benefits of risk reduction activities. The process also helps in reduction of costs associated with the risk emergencies and provides a room for making informed and improved decision s about the risk and in resource allocation if a risk event occurs. Since the process of emergency monitoring and review is often complex. To achieve an effective implementation of the process, it is important for all stakeholders in the process to have a well-developed understanding of the national, state and local legislation as well as the general organizational policies which guide risk management processes. It is argued that this has been the major challenge in the implementation of the emergency risk management initiatives across many communities. Such policies may include; seeking the authority to conduct the emergency risk management, policy guidelines towards the resourcing of the ERM, the information inputs to the process, the level of documentation required throughout the ERM process as well as the support and expertise available to provide assistance to those held responsible for the risk management. If such issues are taken care of the process of ERM will be effective in achieving its goals and objectives set by the management team as de scribed in the risk management analysis of Ko?uch, Sienkiewicz-Ma?yjurek, and Ko?uch (2015). Conclusion Because of the divergent opinions are given in the groups involved in risk management, it is recommended that the management tea incorporates the process of consultations and dialogue. Communication and consultation have been found to be essential and intrinsic in the whole process of risk management and should be considered in every step of emergency risk management. It is, therefore, necessary for a communication plan to be developed as an effective consultation and communication will improve the people understanding of the risks and the process at large. It will also ensure that the varied opinions and views of all stakeholders are put into consideration as well as ensuring that all participants are aware of their roles and responsibilities. References Behera, R. K., Hassan, M. I. (2017). Disaster Management using Mock Drills. Vilakshan: The XIMB Journal Of Management, 14(1), 51-78. Chih-Ching, Y., Chung-Liang, S. (2016). A Coordinated Emergency Response: A Color Dust Explosion at a 2015 Concert in Taiwan. American Journal Of Public Health, 106(9), 1582-1585. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2016.303261. Ekker, K. (2016). Emergency management training: Handling rich qualitative and quantitative data. Journal Of Intelligent Fuzzy Systems, 31(2), 939-948. doi:10.3233/JIFS-169023. Hansen, M. D., Alderman, J. A. (1999). Risk Management Plan. Professional Safety, 44(5), 26 Klakegg, O. J. (2016). Project Risk Management: Challenge Established Practice. Administrative Sciences (2076-3387), 6(4), 1-3. doi:10.3390/admsci604002. Ko?uch, B., Sienkiewicz-Ma?yjurek, K., Ko?uch, A. J. (2015). COMMUNICATION IN LOCAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT NETWORKS (PART 2). Contemporary Management Quarterly / Wsplczesne Zarzadzanie, 14(1), 91-104. Patton, A., Griffin, M., Tellez, A., Petti, M. A., Scrimgeour, X. (2015). Using Icons to Overcome Communication Barriers During Emergencies: a case study of the Show Me interactive tools. Visible Language, 49(1/2), 80-95. Renn, O. (2010). The contribution of different types of knowledge towards understanding, sharing and communication risk concepts. Catalan Journal Of Communication Cultural Studies, 2(2), 177-195. doi:10.1386/cjcs.2.2.177_1.

the Social Impact of Fraternities Essay Example For Students

the Social Impact of Fraternities Essay RESEARCH PAPERA fraternity, as defined by the The American Heritage Dictionary is a chiefly social organization of male college students, usually designated by Greek letters.(pg. 523) This definition, however, is very limited and leaves plenty of space for short sighted people to believe the stereotype conveyed by the popular media, where fraternity members are depicted as drunks who accomplish nothing either scholastically or socially. Unfortunately, both this definition and media portrayals fail to mention the fact that membership in a fraternity is a life-long experience that helps its members develop social, organizational, and study skills during college, and that teaches true, everlasting friendship. As a matter of fact, fraternities have a long tradition of high academic achievement, and most of our nations presidents were members of a Greek association. We will write a custom essay on the Social Impact of Fraternities specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now According to Irving Klepper, the first fraternity (Phi Beta Kappa) was founded for social and literary purposes at the College of William and Mary in Williamsburg, Virginia on December 5th 1776. After half a century of existence, it became and has since remained a scholarship honor society. Throughout the nineteenth century, many new fraternities were founded, but none of these were permanent. Then, in 1825, the Kappa Alpha Fraternity (now Kappa Alpha Society) was born at Union College. Two years later, Sigma Phi and Delta Phi had been founded at the same college, constituting the so-called Union Triad which was, in a large measure, the pattern for the American Fraternity system. By the end of the nineteenth century there were over thirty general fraternities in this country (pg. 18). Todays fraternities still have all the characteristics and precepts of the their past fraternities: the charm and mystery of secrecy, a ritual, oaths of fidelity, a grip, a motto, a badge, a background of high idealism, a strong tie of friendship and comradeship, and urge for sharing its values through nationwide expansion. (Klepper pg. 18) In addition, todays fraternities help their members develop many skills which are used in and out of college. During membership in a fraternity, one must learn leadership skills, because the chapter has to be run in a business-like manner and because it embraces different offices (President, Vice-President, Treasurer, Scribe, etc..) which are held by its members. These offices closely resemble the ones of real business. Additionally, since membership in a fraternity is seen as a great achievement by other Greek associations members, every brother must be able to uphold that office at any time. Organization is a must for every member of a fraternity. Fund raising activities and community service always have a high priority in every chapter, and each member is required to organize and/or take part in many of these activities as a pledge, a brother and an alumnus. This helps individuals within the group to develop organization and planning. In addition, since the fraternity might be located in a house, each brother must learn household organization for his brothers well being. Fraternities are famous for their energetic social gatherings (parties) which require all of their members to be socially active and outspoken when the occasion calls for it. This helps fraternity members develop very strong social skills. Since the act of one member reflects over the acts of all the others, self-control and awareness of actions are mandatory. In addition, when the brothers live in fraternity houses, this adds to the development of social skills in the way that a member must be able to deal and live with different kinds of people in different situations. Since there are people of different scholastic levels in a fraternity, the member of the fraternity have access to a great deal of knowledge on many different school subjects. It is normal for fraternities to organize study groups regularly during the school year and especially before exams. .u0aaf0499b9951fe62fa9cae324a57d9c , .u0aaf0499b9951fe62fa9cae324a57d9c .postImageUrl , .u0aaf0499b9951fe62fa9cae324a57d9c .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u0aaf0499b9951fe62fa9cae324a57d9c , .u0aaf0499b9951fe62fa9cae324a57d9c:hover , .u0aaf0499b9951fe62fa9cae324a57d9c:visited , .u0aaf0499b9951fe62fa9cae324a57d9c:active { border:0!important; } .u0aaf0499b9951fe62fa9cae324a57d9c .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u0aaf0499b9951fe62fa9cae324a57d9c { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u0aaf0499b9951fe62fa9cae324a57d9c:active , .u0aaf0499b9951fe62fa9cae324a57d9c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u0aaf0499b9951fe62fa9cae324a57d9c .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u0aaf0499b9951fe62fa9cae324a57d9c .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u0aaf0499b9951fe62fa9cae324a57d9c .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u0aaf0499b9951fe62fa9cae324a57d9c .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u0aaf0499b9951fe62fa9cae324a57d9c:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u0aaf0499b9951fe62fa9cae324a57d9c .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u0aaf0499b9951fe62fa9cae324a57d9c .u0aaf0499b9951fe62fa9cae324a57d9c-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u0aaf0499b9951fe62fa9cae324a57d9c:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: British Columbia EssayIn addition, members might also use the opinion and advice of other members about the faculty in their favor, and most fraternities keep test files and other such study aids available for the benefit of their members. Most fraternity members are also eligible to receive a number of different scholarships and awards based on academic excellence, leadership, and personal achievement which can contribute to both the resume and the self-esteem of the person receiving such an honor. Fraternities are also well known for their support toward their community. In fact, other than the usual, chapter-run projects, many chapters require their associate members to organize and participate in their own community service project before they can be initiated into full membership. This helps the fraternity to enhance their image, increase their popularity and their members awareness toward the community. It is common for some fraternity members to stay active after graduating from college. In this way they can help the chapter in many ways and especially as advisor of the real world. It is also a positive experience for the graduate member, who will be able to keep in contact with the new and old members of his chapter. As Sidney S. Suntag wrote I know of no better way to keep young than to associate with young people(pg. 15). Even if some members are not able to remain active, the chapter can always count on them, since the spirit of fraternal brotherhood never dies. It is common for fraternities to build their houses and fund their activities with the support of their alumni. The number of alumni for a given fraternity in any urban area can range from a few dozen to several thousand. But the most important gift a fraternity can offer is a true and everlasting friendship that transcends the normal bonds between friends and ties them together as brothers for life. It is something no other organization can offer, and the bond that is formed between fraternity brothers is felt throughout the whole organization and not just local chapters. This explains why, when greeks of the same fraternity meet is felt like a reunion between blood brothers. Clearly, a feeling of comradeship is present not only within each fraternity, but between all of the members of Greek organizations. This can only lead to positive relations with the Greek community of a college or university, which is always fairly numerous at those institutions which have Greek organizations. As Brian Abramson stated in his interview, If you look at any Greek organization at Florida International University, or any other College or University, you can find a catalogue of services which that organization provides for the benefit of the greater community through the service projects which it conducts every semester. Tau Epsilon Phi, for example, participates in Bowling for Kids Sake every Spring, a tradition which began several years ago. Every fraternity has its own special philanthropy, as well as other public service projects which that fraternity takes part in from time to time. In fact, cooperating in public service not only provides the members of the brotherhood with valuable connections in the community, but it also serves to strengthen the bonds of brotherhood which hold the members together. To keep true to the feeling of brotherhood in a fraternity, every member must be trustworthy and at the same time must be able to trust every other member which makes the bond of brotherhood even stronger. Unfortunately, a lot of people overlook fraternities during college because of the ominous, ever-present rumors about hazing. This image is also a part of the popular stereotype of fraternity members. Hazing, as defined by the Fraternity Executive Association is Any action taken or situation created, intentionally, whether on or off fraternity premises to produce mental, or physical discomfort, embarrassment, harassment or ridicule.(pg. 48) As John P. Nykolaiszyn puts it, If anyone is caught hazing, not only can fines be imposed upon the individuals, but conviction and even jail time could result. Organizations which practice hazing also run the risk of losing their charter and being closed down. .u31843f6953a18b6884427b39674fe6be , .u31843f6953a18b6884427b39674fe6be .postImageUrl , .u31843f6953a18b6884427b39674fe6be .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u31843f6953a18b6884427b39674fe6be , .u31843f6953a18b6884427b39674fe6be:hover , .u31843f6953a18b6884427b39674fe6be:visited , .u31843f6953a18b6884427b39674fe6be:active { border:0!important; } .u31843f6953a18b6884427b39674fe6be .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u31843f6953a18b6884427b39674fe6be { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u31843f6953a18b6884427b39674fe6be:active , .u31843f6953a18b6884427b39674fe6be:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u31843f6953a18b6884427b39674fe6be .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u31843f6953a18b6884427b39674fe6be .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u31843f6953a18b6884427b39674fe6be .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u31843f6953a18b6884427b39674fe6be .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u31843f6953a18b6884427b39674fe6be:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u31843f6953a18b6884427b39674fe6be .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u31843f6953a18b6884427b39674fe6be .u31843f6953a18b6884427b39674fe6be-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u31843f6953a18b6884427b39674fe6be:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Cherubic Demons EssayAs Mr. Nykolaiszyn states in his letter to the editor, While some organizations may choose to haze and humiliate the people who try to rush them, that is in no way an accurate portrayal of all Greeks. He goes on to point out the fact that, Greek life is not just about partying and drinking. Greek life helps to build character, self-esteem and life long friendships.(12) It is indeed very sad that many people are stuck with the Animal House view of fraternities and avoid looking into what fraternities are really all about. Works CitedAbramson, Brian D. Personal Interview. 1 Apr. 1996. Fraternity Executives Association Statement ofposition on Hazing and Pre-initiation ActivitiesThe portals of Tau Epsilon Phi Tau Epsilon Phi Fraternity, Inc. Atlanta, Georgia 1937Klepper, Irving The portals of Tau Epsilon PhiTau Epsilon Phi Fraternity, Inc. Atlanta, Georgia1937Morris, William, ed. The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, Massachusetts 1982Nykolaiszyn, John P. Hazing: Greeks get a bad rap.The Beacon Feb. 13th 1996: 12.